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infant swimming
Infant swimming is the phenomenon of human babies and toddlers controlling their breath and moving themselves through water. Infants will naturally close their lungs underwater and are able to survive immersion in water for short periods of time. Infants can also be given swimming lessons; this is primarily done to reduce the risk of drowning.
== Infant swimming or diving reflex ==
Human babies demonstrate an innate swimming or diving reflex from birth until the age of approximately six months. Other mammals also demonstrate this phenomenon (see mammalian diving reflex). Babies immersed in water will spontaneously hold their breath (apnea), slow their heart rate (reflex bradycardia), and reduce blood circulation to the extremities such as fingers and toes (peripheral vasoconstriction).〔 During the diving reflex, the infant's heart rate decreases by an average of 20%.〔 The glottis is spontaneously sealed off and the water entering the upper respiratory tract is diverted down the esophagus into the stomach.
The diving response has been shown to have an oxygen-conserving effect, both during movement and at rest. Oxygen is saved for the heart and the lungs, slowing the onset of serious hypoxic damage. The diving response can therefore be regarded as an important defence mechanism for the body.
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